Wednesday, April 3, 2013

Apple apologizes in China after service criticism

A man smokes near the logo of Apple in Shanghai, China, Tuesday, April 2, 2013. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

A man smokes near the logo of Apple in Shanghai, China, Tuesday, April 2, 2013. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

A man walks by an advertisement of Apple's iPad in Shanghai, China, Tuesday, April 2, 2013. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

A woman walks by an advertisement of iPhone 5 at Apple store in Shanghai, China, Tuesday April 2, 2013. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

A man walks by an advertisement of Apple's iPad in Shanghai, China, Tuesday April 2, 2013. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. Chinese on top reads; Drooling over it. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

In this Monday April 1, 2013 photo, a man leaves an Apple store with an iPhone and an iPad in his hands in central Beijing, China. Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism. (AP Photo/Alexander F. Yuan)

(AP) ? Apple apologized to Chinese consumers after government media attacked its repair policies for two weeks in a campaign that reeked of economic nationalism.

A statement Apple posted in Chinese on its website Monday said the complaints had prompted "deep reflection" and persuaded the company of the need to revamp its repair policies, boost communication with Chinese consumers and strengthen oversight of authorized resellers.

State broadcaster CCTV and the ruling Communist Party's flagship newspaper, People's Daily, had led the charge against the American company. They accused Apple Inc. of arrogance, greed and "throwing its weight around" and portrayed it as just the latest Western company to exploit the Chinese consumer.

The attacks quickly backfired, though, and were mocked by the increasingly sophisticated Chinese consumers who revere Apple and its products. State-run media also inadvertently revived complaints over shoddy service by Chinese companies.

Nonetheless, Apple responded with an apology from CEO Tim Cook.

"We've come to understand through this process that because of our poor communication, some have come to feel that Apple's attitude is arrogant and that we don't care about or value feedback from the consumer," Cook's Chinese statement said, as translated by The Associated Press. "For the concerns and misunderstandings passed on to the consumer, we express our sincere apologies."

Although Apple enjoys strong support from Chinese consumers, the vehemence of the attacks and the importance of the Chinese market appeared to have persuaded the company to appear contrite.

The People's Daily newspaper ran an editorial last Wednesday headlined "Strike down Apple's incomparable arrogance."

"Here we have the Western person's sense of superiority making mischief," the newspaper wrote. "If there's no risk in offending the Chinese consumer, and it also makes for lower overheads, then why not?"

Chinese observers accused People's Daily of gross hypocrisy and pointed out that the newspaper had maintained a stony silence when Chinese companies were implicated over food safety, pollution and other scandals. Meanwhile, CCTV was shamed when it emerged that celebrities had been recruited to blast Apple on Weibo, China's version of Twitter, in what had been billed as a grassroots campaign.

"The public responded in two ways to this incident," popular commentator Shi Shusi wrote on his Weibo account. "One group supports this criticism but quite a number of people felt that there are state monopolies which have severely violated customer's rights, but which are not being exposed."

Popular business magazine Caijing said its readers identified a long list of abusers, including state banks that lend to those with political connections while stiffing ordinary savers with low rates on deposits; a government oil company that sets gas prices and other rates as it sees fit; and state telecom providers notorious for their lack of customer service.

"If media is going to go after Apple, let's hope they spare some thought for those big Chinese communications companies and other monopolies, the ones that enrich special interests in the name of being publicly owned," Cai Tongqi, a lawyer from the eastern province of Jiangsu, wrote on Weibo.

Consumers seem unfazed by the state media's attacks on Apple.

Perusing the wares at an Apple reseller in Beijing's tony China World mall, recent college graduate Zeng Lu said she considered the controversy a sign of the Chinese consumer's growing maturity.

"It's great to see Chinese consumers standing up for their rights, but it's ridiculous for the People's Daily to get involved," Zeng said. "They should be criticizing state companies instead."

Apple's popularity flies in the face of China's ardent attempts to push its own brands and develop internationally competitive companies. The company also has resisted trends to enter joint ventures and move research and development to China. It also ignores big state media such as CCTV and People's Daily. Apple relies on Chinese factories, though, to make iPads, iPhones and other popular products.

Sales of Apple products in the region, which includes Taiwan and Hong Kong, grew 67 percent to $6.8 billion in the first three months of 2013, compared with the same period a year earlier, according to the company. Apple sold 2 million iPhone 5s during the first weekend it was available in China, in December.

The region is Apple's third largest market, accounting for 13 percent of all sales last year. More than 17,000 outlets sell its products in mainland China, a figure that includes 11 Apple stores and 400 premium resellers. In January, Cook said he expects China to replace North America as its largest source of revenue in the foreseeable future.

The attacks on Apple center on complaints over Apple's repair policies in China ? specifically its practice of only replacing faulty parts rather than providing new iPhones, as it does in other markets. Critics say that allows Apple to avoid having to extend its service warranty by another year. Until Monday, the Cupertino, California-based company had kept silent apart from issuing a statement March 23 explaining its repair policy and pledging its deep respect for the Chinese consumer.

Yet consumers and analysts say the complaints hardly justify Beijing's campaign of vilification. Such nationalist outbursts are not uncommon, although previous campaigns against foreign companies have often been tied to perceived national slights, as often befalls Japanese firms in China. Beijing accused Google of being an arm of American "information imperialism" after the company announced in March 2010 that it would cease censoring its search responses inside mainland China and instead send visitors to its uncensored search engine in Hong Kong.

Beijing is also angry over Washington's efforts to exclude Chinese high-tech firms Huawei Technologies Ltd. and ZTE Corp. from the U.S. market, amid worries over security. A spending bill signed by President Barack Obama two weeks ago includes a clause barring NASA, the National Science Foundation and the Justice and Commerce Departments from contracting with firms tied to the Chinese government.

Washington and Beijing have also sparred over more recent hacking attacks, including a forensically detailed report by cybersecurity firm Mandiant that tied Chinese hacking to a unit of the People's Liberation Army based in Shanghai.

Apple, however, may have been singled out simply because it is "the biggest open target," said Jim McGregor, senior counselor at consultancy APCO Worldwide.

"We're still seeing a lot of things wrapped up in economic nationalism," McGregor said.

Even before Monday's apology, he had predicted Apple would make a show of contrition to get its relations with the Chinese authorities back on track.

Duncan Clark, managing director of BDA China Ltd., a Beijing research firm, said the assault probably stems from a combination of factors, including the failure of Chinese companies to make breakthroughs in high-end consumer electronics.

"There's a general sense of frustration that China can't move further up the value chain," Clark said.

___

Online:

Apple statement (in Chinese): http://www.apple.com.cn/support/warranties

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2013-04-02-China-Attacking%20Apple/id-aa66ce7e04db49eab853ec8f48132bec

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Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Ematic announces 7-inch Jelly Bean tablet for $79.99

Genesis Prime 7 tablet

A new contender has entered the ring in the fight for your budget dollars. Weighing in at only $79.99, the 7-inch Genesis Prime is the company's first certified Google tablet. Apps like Chrome, GMail, Maps, and YouTube will come preinstalled thanks to the tablet getting Google's approval. The specs you get are definitely in line with the price: 1.1 GHz processor, 4GB storage memory, VGA front facing camera, and a battery life of 4.5 hours.

The scale reflects this tablet's featherweight status, with an official listing of just 0.59 lbs -- more than 2 oz less than the Nexus 7. The device comes with an HD video player, however the actual resolution of the screen itself is not listed. On-board storage gets supplemented with an included 5GB of cloud storage.

It doesn't get much cheaper than this for a certified Android 4.1 tablet. You can pick one up at Amazon, although there is quite a wait for shipping at this time. Hit the break for the full press release.

Source: Ematic

read more



Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/JqwpV-_6jQY/story01.htm

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How to Effectively Promote Your Content | Copyblogger

Image of Scribe Ebook Cover

?If you write it, they will come,? right?

You?ll pour your heart into writing the very best content that you can. And in the middle of the night, the traffic fairies will bestow upon you a massive audience that knows, loves, and trusts you, and you will live happily ever after.

As the man says, How?s that working out for you?

In the real world, those blasted traffic fairies are inept and lazy, and magical content dust is hard to come by.

Fortunately, you have an option. You can effectively promote your content.

It doesn?t have to be weird or difficult or make you look desperate. So take a deep breath, because I?m going to walk you through it.

In the 26-page How to Effectively Promote Your Content, we?ll kick off with a quick discussion of natural, non-sleazy SEO (because search is still one of the best content promotion strategies there is). I?ll also share with you:

  • How to approach ?competitors? so you both increase your audience
  • Understanding the value of the ?second customer?
  • What to do if competitors won?t link to you
  • How to intelligently use controversy to build links, traffic, and audience trust
  • The key elements of an effective guest-blogging strategy
  • A 10-point plan for connecting with online influencers

And lots more techniques, strategies, and tactics to find the influential web publishers who will help you grow your audience.

Click here to grab your free copy.

Get the entire ebook series ? at no charge

You get instant access to How to Effectively Promote Your Content when you register for the Scribe Content Marketing Library. If you missed the first three ebooks in the series (The Business Case for Agile Content Marketing, A Content Marketing Strategy That Works, and How to Create Content that Converts), you?ll get instant access to those as well.

And you?ll receive all the ebook installments that follow, plus webinars, audio seminars, and other educational resources ? all free.

Register today to get instant access plus each new installment.

About the Author: Sonia Simone is co-founder and CMO of Copyblogger Media. Get more from Sonia on Twitter and Google+.

Source: http://www.copyblogger.com/content-promotion-ebook/

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Rubio: Immigration deal still needs hashing out

Republican Sen. Marco Rubio cautioned that the bipartisan group of senators working on immigration reform legislation still has details to work out. Democrat Chuck Schumer said the group was on track.

By Philip Elliott,?Associated Press / March 31, 2013

Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla. on Capitol Hill in Washington on March 12. On Sunday, Rubio said the eight senators working on immigration reform legislation still had many details to work out, and cautioned against premature celebration.

Susan Walsh/AP/File

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Even with one of the largest hurdles to an immigration overhaul overcome, optimistic lawmakers on Sunday cautioned they had not finished work on a bill that would provide a path to citizenship for 11 million illegal immigrants.

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The AFL-CIO and the pro-business U.S. Chamber of Commerce reached a deal late Friday that would allow tens of thousands of low-skill workers into the country to fill jobs in construction, restaurants and hotels. Yet despite the unusual agreement between the two powerful lobbying groups, lawmakers from both parties conceded that the negotiations were not finished.

"With the agreement between business and labor, every major policy issue has been resolved," said Sen. Chuck Schumer, the New York Democrat who brokered the labor-business deal.

But it hasn't taken the form of a bill and the eight senators searching for a compromise haven't met about the potential breakthrough.

"We haven't signed off," said Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C.

"There are a few details yet. But conceptually, we have an agreement between business and labor, between ourselves that has to be drafted," he added.

Yet just before lawmakers began appearing on Sunday shows, Sen.?Marco?Rubio?warned he was not ready to lend his name ? and political clout ? to such a deal without hashing out the details.

"Reports that the bipartisan group of eight senators have agreed on a legislative proposal are premature," said?Rubio, a Florida Republican who is among the lawmakers working on legislation.

Rubio, a Cuban-American who is weighing a presidential bid in 2016, is a leading figure inside his party. Lawmakers will be closely watching any deal for his approval and his skepticism about the process did little to encourage optimism.

Rubio, who is the group's emissary to conservatives, called the agreement "a starting point" but said 92 senators from 43 states haven't yet been involved in the process.

The detente between the nation's leading labor federation and the powerful business lobbying group still needs senators' approval, including a nod from Sen. John McCain, the Arizona Republican whose previous efforts came up short.

"I think we're on track. But as Sen.?Rubio?correctly says, we have said we will not come to final agreement till we look at all of the legislative language and he's correctly pointing out that that language hasn't been fully drafted," Schumer said.

Sen. Jeff Flake, R-Ariz., also noted the significance of the truce between labor and business but added that this wasn't yet complete.

"That doesn't mean we've crossed every 'i' or dotted every 't,' or vice versa," said Flake, who is among the eight lawmakers working on the deal.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/NQLoboKklXQ/Rubio-Immigration-deal-still-needs-hashing-out

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Monday, April 1, 2013

Growing shorter: Adult health habits influence how much we shrink with age

Apr. 1, 2013 ? Even if you didn't eat your veggies or drink your milk as a child, your height is still in your hands, reveal new findings by economists from the University of Southern California, Harvard University and Peking University.

Using unique data from a new massive longitudinal survey of 17,708 adults beginning at age 45, the researchers show for the first time that lifestyle choices we make in adulthood -- and not just the hand we're dealt as children -- influence how tall we stand as we age.

"Had we only examined the correlations between measured height and health, we would have missed this important insight," said John Strauss, professor of economics at USC, and an investigator on a study published in the April 2013 issue of the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. "The evidence shows that it is not only early-life events that are associated with how we age, but health decisions in later life as well."

While prior work has looked for the connection between height and health -- both in childhood and adulthood -- the researchers are the first to examine height loss as we age. They show that regardless of your maximum height, the loss of height over time is also an important indicator for other health issues as we age.

For example, the research reveals an especially strong relationship between height loss and cognitive health. Those who had lost more height were also much more likely to perform poorly on standard tests of cognitive health such as short-term memory, ability to perform basic arithmetic and awareness of the date.

Among the socioeconomic factors that correlate to height loss, urban dwellers had much less height loss than those in rural areas, the researchers found, in a country where there has been significant migration to urban areas in the last few decades. In addition, having completed primary school, rather than being illiterate, is associated with 0.9 cm less height shrinkage in men -- a large difference when considering that overall average height loss for men is 3.3 cm. Completing high school meant an additional 1 cm less in shrinkage.

For women, having completed primary school was the difference in 0.6 cm of shrinkage, compared to average overall height decrease of 3.8 cm.

"Height has been recognized as an acceptable proxy for childhood health conditions, but there are complications there," says USC economist Geert Ridder, a co-investigator on the study. "Some of adult health might be determined by childhood circumstances, but people shrink differentially, and that shrinkage is also a measure of adult health conditions."

All humans go through physical changes with age, including an increase in body fat and decrease in bone mass. But a decrease in height can be further exacerbated by certain kinds of arthritis, inflammation of spine joints or osteoporosis, which other studies have shown are associated with such lifestyle choices as diet, exercise and smoking.

The researchers used new data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a groundbreaking sampling project led by USC economist Strauss, Yaohui Zhao of the China Center for Economic Research (CCER) at Peking University and Gonghuan Yang of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, that covers 150 counties randomly chosen throughout China.

The baseline for the survey was collected from June 2011 to March 2012 and includes both subjective self-reported responses to survey questions as well as objective physical measurements such as blood tests. These physical measurements and personal interviews will be followed-up with the same 17,708 people every two years -- capturing, for the first time, critical data about human aging in the most populous and most rapidly aging country in the world.

For example, recent changes in social security policy and health insurance in China provide a valuable opportunity for researchers to study how health care actually affects health and aging in a large population, with insights for other developing health care systems worldwide, as well as an opportunity to identify possible under-diagnosis of various chronic conditions.

The researchers will also be able to examine the role specific historical events in China may have had on long-term health, including whether there are health and aging differences among those who were "sent-down" during the Cultural Revolution.

The baseline CHARLS data is publicly available to researchers at http://charls.ccer.edu.cn. The research is supported by the National Institute of Aging, the China Natural Science Foundation, the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health and the World Bank.

To estimate full adult height for older study participants, the researchers examined relationships between current height and the length of limbs, which do not shrink with age, from younger survey participants who have not yet started shrinking.

Wei Huang, a graduate student in economics at Harvard University, and Zhao and Xiaoyan Lei of Peking University were co-authors of the study.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Southern California, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Wei Huang, Xiaoyan Lei, Geert Ridder, John Strauss, Yaohui Zhao. Health, Height, Height Shrinkage, and SES at Older Ages: Evidence from China. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2013; 5 (2): 86 DOI: 10.1257/app.5.2.86

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/living_well/~3/1_F3iCEComk/130401101017.htm

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The Evolution of Outsourcing ? World Leasing News

The Evolution of Outsourcing

By John R. Schaffner

Ever since the early 1990s when Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) was just beginning to become popular, the main theme has been ?concentrate on what you do best and outsource the rest.? The crux of this mantra being to apply your expertise where you could get the most impact, and decrease your costs by outsourcing to those that had expertise and economy of scale that would enable lower costs.

In the early days, outsourcing was touted as a way for companies to utilize their excess capacity to generate increased revenue. At the Equipment Leasing Association 1992 Annual Convention, a presentation entitled ?Outsourcing: Marketing Your Company?s Expertise and Over-Capacity to Other Companies,? had the objective that it ?illustrates how equipment lessors can make more effective use of their backrooms by selling excess capacity to other companies; reviews the strategies for developing the backroom into a profit center.?

The ?Backroom,? the infamous deep dark chasm where deals disappeared and customers were lost forever, was coming into the limelight as a way to augment declining margins on the financing. After all, everybody was offering the same money, and the number of companies offering lease financing was rapidly expanding.

This new ?outsourcing phenomena? was viewed by many as an opportunity, second only to establishing a Dot Com business, and was highly promoted by such firms as the Gartner Group and KPMG Peat Marwick. Companies competing to capture the ?window of opportunity? included Xerox Administrative Services, Trinity Financial Services and Stellar Financial Services.

As outsourcing evolved, it became apparent to the leading edge companies that BPO could not grow and prosper if it were based on excess capacity, but must create a competitive advantage by offering immediate credibility, extensive systems support, and a cadre of experts in the various functions of lease servicing.

In today?s turbulent leasing environment where funding is scarce and bank failures are increasing, BPO servicers are playing three major roles: providing standard processes like billing, collection and cash application, enabling startups to begin operation without the servicing burden, and what has become a key focus area, Portfolio Maximization.

The challenges that all of the members of our industry face are many; from the entrance of new organizations, the consolidation of existing ones, scarceness of capital and a slowing economy, the times ahead clearly have turbulent aspects to consider. In a strong economy, failure to properly manage risk and operations can be concealed. As the business cycle turns downward these types of failure are more readily exposed.? Successful organizations understand their strengths and weaknesses and aggressively move to mitigate their weaknesses by using the available tools inside and outside their organization.

Owning and managing the back room necessary to administer a lease portfolio is not for everyone, especially if you?re a smaller lesser, or a business that no longer needs a ?back office? leasing infrastructure due to changes in business strategy. With an outsourcing option the leasing company supplies the customers and funding, and the service provider does the rest.

This leaves the leasing company in charge of originations, credit approval, and document generation. That allows the leasing company to target their resources directly on the origination of new business and leaves the service provider to do what they do best; manage the lease accounting, billing, cash management, tax administration, and customer service functions necessary to maximize the total lease portfolio.

The portfolio management services for manufacturers, captives and financial institutions can be as comprehensive or as specific as a client requires. Clients may ask their service provider to focus on select services, which make their existing portfolio more profitable. A service provider?s systems department can provide clients with cutting edge capabilities. Through expertise and economies of scale, the services are delivered at an attractive cost.

The back room servicing, accounting and administration of leases can appear to be a daunting task for those unfamiliar with the unique accounting, tax, and end of lease management activities necessary to effectively manage a portfolio of leases. Most of the larger lessors have sizeable internal departments that handle the different components, such as accounting, tax, management-reporting, collections, customer service and end of lease activities. These departments are responsible for everything relevant to the lease after the origination and funding occur until its termination. Because of the high head count and significant costs associated with staffing, training, and keeping up with the continuing education needs and technology upgrades of a complete back room operation, many companies have turned to alternative sources of these services.

Financial servicing organizations use the economies of scale approach, providing their services to a multitude of customers by offering a low cost, highly effective alternative to internal staffing and managing back room departments. Additionally, the skills and technological tools necessary to administer leases become the responsibility of the outsourcing company, not the origination and funding source of the lease transaction.? An outsourcer uses software that segregates their various customers so that independence can be verified they stay abreast of the technology and accounting changes that take place and are and customization is available.

The benefits of using a service provider are numerous; lower startup costs, minimal hardware investments, improved cash flow, little training and staffing requirements and minimization of the other costs associated with owning and operating a lease administration system. Additionally, the smaller leasing company can access the most sophisticated and current hardware and software without a large direct capital investment. This allows the leasing company to put their resources where they matter most ? the front-end sales and lease origination process.? The service provider does all of the back room processing.

Ultimately this allows the leasing company to improve productivity, reduce expenses associated with back office services, and increase cash flow.

Outsource providers must continue to dissuade potential clients of the two most prevalent perceptions; that their services are too costly and that they lose control. Internal cultural opposition to outsourcing and the fear that the quality of their services will not be as good as expected are two other important obstacles. Clients and outsourcers need to have a long-term outlook given the investments that outsourcers must make and the reliance that the clients need to have an external service provider to consistently deliver a business process.

The fact that there are quality outsourcers available should give those contemplating the originating and funding of lease transactions the peace of mind that by using an outsourcer, a majority of what makes leasing viewed as complex and costly can be accommodated through the use of a quality, experienced outsourcing company.

After almost two decades of operation and refinement, and the culling out of the weaker service providers, it is clear that financial servicing companies provide strategic knowledge and economic advantage to their clients.

?

?

JDR Solutions, Inc. is based inIndianapolis,IN.? The company was founded and is managed by a team of highly experienced equipment leasing and finance company professionals.? Our personnel consist of specialists who have expertise in all areas of the leasing and finance industry with particular concentrations in systems, operations, training, project management and finance/accounting. JDR Solutions is a leading provider of consulting and operational services to clients in the equipment leasing and finance company industry.? Our primary focus is on three interrelated client services:? Portfolio Administration, Business Integration/Project Management and Application Service Provider (ASP).? Our senior leadership has been involved in the formation and leadership of leasing organizations for the last twenty-five (25) years and has hands on experience in the day-to-day management of operations.

Source: http://www.worldleasingnews.com/articles/the-evolution-of-outsourcing/

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Early COPD diagnosis possible with nuclear medicine

Apr. 1, 2013 ? In vivo ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) imaging can detect early changes to the lung caused by cigarette smoke exposure and provides a noninvasive method for studying lung dysfunction in preclinical models, according to research published in the April issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. These measures have the potential to be applied clinically to study and diagnose the early stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

COPD is a slow-progressing, debilitating lung disease which is commonly caused by cigarette smoking. Defining characteristics of COPD include chronic inflammation, increased mucus production, small-airway fibrosis and airspace enlargement. Many people with COPD, however, go undiagnosed until their disease has reached a more symptomatic stage and irreversible damage has occurred.

"Better diagnostic tools are needed to detect early changes in smokers to prevent further lung dysfunction and provide patients with individualized treatment regimens," said N. Renee Labiris, PhD, one of the authors of the study "Detection of Lung Dysfunction Using Ventilation and Perfusion SPECT in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cigarette Smoke Exposure." "Our preclinical study suggests that not only can V/Q imaging detect early and small changes in lung pathology, the type of V/Q mismatching could provide insight into the underlying pathologies, which current measures of lung function are unable to do."

In the study, groups of mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 50 minutes twice daily, five days a week, for either eight or 24 weeks. Age-matched control groups of mice were also included in the study for comparison. After the final cigarette smoke exposure, V/Q single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed, followed by a computed tomography (CT) scan. Histologic lung sections were then collected and a semiautomated quantitative analysis of airspace enlargement was applied to whole histology slices.

Upon analysis, functional impairment was noted in the lungs due to increased inflammation and airspace enlargement. This functional impairment, measured with SPECT V/Q imaging, identified COPD characteristics before CT was able to detect structural changes in the lungs. In addition V/Q mismatching progressively increased during cigarette smoke exposure in micecompared to age-matched control mice and offered insight into the underlying pathology causing COPD.

"V/Q imaging is a common nuclear medicine technique, and SPECT/CT systems are increasingly used in clinical practice," noted Labiris. "As such, the technology examined in this study can be carried out in both preclinical and clinical settings, enabling researchers to translate preclinical investigations of disease, associated functional abnormalities and future drug targets into an improved understanding and management of the disease in patients."

Authors of the article "Detection of Lung Dysfunction Using Ventilation and Perfusion SPECT in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cigarette Smoke Exposure"include Brian N. Jobse, Departments of Medicine and Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Rod G. Rhem and Iris Q. Wang, Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; William B. Counter and N. Ren?e Labiris, Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada and Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and Martin R. St?mpfli, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Society of Nuclear Medicine.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. B. N. Jobse, R. G. Rhem, I. Q. Wang, W. B. Counter, M. R. Stampfli, N. R. Labiris. Detection of Lung Dysfunction Using Ventilation and Perfusion SPECT in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2013; 54 (4): 616 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.111419

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/O3rZmgTl_xs/130401111549.htm

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